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Vine–Matthews–Morley hypothesis
The Vine–Matthews–Morley hypothesis, also known as the Morley–Vine–Matthews hypothesis, was the first key scientific test of the seafloor spreading theory of continental drift and plate tectonics.
==History==
Harry Hess proposed the sea-floor spreading hypothesis in 1960 (published in 1962). According to Hess, seafloor was created at mid-oceanic ridges by the convection of the earth's mantle, pushing and spreading the older crust away from the ridge.〔(【引用サイトリンク】author=Tetsuji Iseda )〕 Geophysicist Frederick John Vine and the Canadian geologist Lawrence W. Morley independently realized that if Hess’s seafloor spreading theory was correct, then the rocks surrounding the mid-oceanic ridges should show symmetric patterns of magnetization reversals using newly collected magnetic surveys. Morley's letters to ''Nature'' (February 1963) and ''Journal of Geophysical Research'' (April 1963) were both rejected, hence Vine and his PhD adviser at Cambridge University, Drummond Hoyle Matthews, were first to publish the theory in 1963.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Frederick Vine and Drummond Matthews, Pioneers of Plate Tectonics )〕 Some colleagues were skeptical of the hypothesis because of the numerous assumptions made—seafloor spreading, geomagnetic reversals, and remnant magnetism—all hypotheses that were still not widely accepted. The Vine-Matthews hypothesis describes the magnetic reversals of oceanic crust. Further proof of this hypothesis came from Cox et al. (1967) when he measured the remnant magnetization of lavas from land sites. W.C. Pitman offered further evidence with a remarkably symmetric profile from the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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